The materials of the Earth's crust are the rocks. Why they become the cradles, of precious gemstones. How do they crystallize? How they were formed. Each gem deposit-whether of primary origin in the parent rocks; or secondary as allurial placers in valley floors, reiver gravels, or the sand of oceanic shelves presents an eloquent chronicle of the Earth life story

Near the surface of the earth, water plays an important role in the formation of gem deposits. Over millions of years, rocks exposed on the earth surface crumble under the destructive forces of the earth's atmosphere; wind, rain, snow and heat all contribute to weathering